Methods: Population-based laboratory surveillance data (1986-2007) for invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in Alaskan children <5 years old were used to evaluate the association of IPD rates

and serotype distribution with immunization, socioeconomic status, and in-home water service.

Results: Introduction of PCV7 vaccine resulted in elimination of IPD caused by vaccine serotypes, but was followed by increasing rates of IPD caused by nonvaccine serotypes. Among YK-AN children IPD rates dropped by 60%, but then rose due to non-PCV7 serotypes to levels 5- to 10-fold higher than rates in non-YK-AN children and non-AN children. IPD rates in YK-AN children were twice as high in villages where <10% of houses had in-home piped water compared check details with villages where more than 80% of houses had in-home piped water (390 cases/100,000 vs. 146 cases/100,000, P = 0.008).

Conclusions: High IPD rates in Alaska are associated with lack of in-home

piped water (controlling for household crowding and per capita income). E7080 ic50 The effect of in-home piped water is most likely mediated through reduced water supply leading to limitations on handwashing.”
“This study was performed to investigate the platelet aggregation alterations in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) samples of children with Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection. Platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen, ristocetin, or epinephrine was studied with photometric aggregometry in 30 patients before and after eradication therapy and in a control group including 15

children. The pretreatment mean maximum aggregation values and slope were significantly lower (P < .0001) in the study group at 10 mmol/L concentrations of ADP (ADP-like defect). The maximum aggregation values and slope revealed no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the study group after therapy and the control group. We concluded that H pylori infection may cause dysfunction of platelets in children and can be reversed by H pylori eradication therapy. Further studies should be carried out to determine the mechanisms of platelet dysfunction in children with H pylori infection.”
“Electrically conductive AR-13324 in vitro composites containing polypropylene (PP) and polyaniline (PANI) were prepared using PP with three different melt flow rates (MFRs) and a commercial PANI-complex in proportions of 80% by weight and 20%, respectively. Composite blends were melt-spun to fibers under different solid-state draw ratios. Rheological studies of dynamic viscosity, as well as the storage modulus and loss modulus showed that the prepared PANI-complex/PP blends exhibit different dynamic rheological behavior, depending on the PP used. This confirms the blends’ morphological differences. PP matrix viscosity was found to play an important role in the electrical properties of the prepared fibers.