The animals that did not develop infection (protection from infection) were compared to those that developed bacteremia. Among the immunized animals, when measuring total IgG, the breadth scores to CR and HVR peptides were similar when comparing the animals that were protected from infection to those PFI-2 research buy that developed bacteremia (Fig. 5). For example, two of the animals with the lowest breadth score (0.07) to the CR peptides were protected from infection. Additionally, there were also no differences when comparing the total breadth score, which included the combined total IgG response to the both the CR and the HVR of Msp2. Findings were similar when measuring IgG2 (Supplemental Fig. 2). Two

of the animals with the lowest breadth scores to the CR (<0.1) were protected from infection. The breadth scores to the HVR were higher, but again, there was no correlation between protection from infection and the breadth of the IgG2 specific responses to the HVR. There was no correlation between the titers to the CR and protection from infection when considering either total IgG or IgG2 only (Fig. 6a and Supplemental Fig. 3a). Three of the four animals that were protected from infection had total IgG CR titer scores above 200, while the remaining animal had a score of 20. The IgG2 titers scores to the CR varied from 0 to 160, while the range

of scores in animals protected from infection varied from 18 to 160 CDK inhibitor review (Supplemental Fig. 3a). Similarly, there was no correlation between protection from infection and titers to the HVR of Msp2 when considering either total IgG or IgG2 (Fig. 6b and Supplemental Fig. 3b). However, unlike the highly variable response to the CR, animals that were protected from infection had mid-range to high total IgG titers to the HVR peptides (205–330). Vaccinees that developed relatively high levels of bacteremia also had titers in this range. Among the animals that developed bacteremia, there was a trend toward vaccinees with high total IgG titers also having higher bacteremia. All groups of animals, including those that Resminostat were

infected, those that were immunized and protected from high-level bacteremia, and those that were immunized and completely protected from infection had similar anti-Msp2 antibody responses, in terms of both breadth and magnitude. Thus, we reject the hypothesis that immunization alters the anti-Msp2 antibody response as compared to infection. It is possible that there are variant Msp2 epitopes that we did not assess in these experiments, e.g. highly conformation-dependent epitopes not represented by the overlapping peptides or epitopes formed by the junction of two recombined oligopeptide segments. However, the length of peptides used in the assays, 30 amino acids, is relevant as this length represents the mean oligopeptide length encoded by segments recombined into the expression site during infection (29 ± 13 amino acids) [14].