RESULTS: Of the 94 771 registered children,

76 676 (80.9%) completed the survey investigations, 12 107 (15.8%) of whom had no BCG scar. The prevalence of TB infection was estimated at 10.2%, with a corresponding ARTI of 1.1%. The ARTI obtained from the current survey is comparable to that of the 1994-1996 survey and higher than that of the 1986-1990 survey. The BCG coverage was comparable with the 1994-1996 survey and higher than in the 1986-1990 survey.

CONCLUSION: TB transmission in Kenya has remained the same over the last decade, which suggests that activities undertaken by the TB control programme have been sufficient to hold TB transmission steady, but insufficient to reduce it.”
“Three- or four-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with Quizartinib in vitro autograft and plate fixation have

demonstrated relatively good fusion rates and outcomes, but donor site morbidity and the limitations of autograft harvest remain problematic. The purpose of this study is to assess the radiographic and clinical outcomes of three- or four-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with a PEEK cage and plate construct.

This retrospective review included 43 consecutive patients who underwent three- or four-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with a PEEK cage and plate construct (three level: 39 cases, four level: 4 cases). The fusion rate, time to fusion, Cobb angle and disc height were assessed radiographically. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with the VAS, NDI, and SF36 scores. Complications were PARP inhibitor also recorded.

Solid fusion was achieved in all the patients, and mean time to fusion was 13.7 +/- A 5.1 weeks. The postoperative Cobb angle, lordotic angle, and disc height (5.6A degrees, 10.5A degrees and 3.15 mm, respectively)

increased significantly compared to preoperative values Akt inhibitor (p = 0.038, p = 0.032, and p = 0.0004, respectively), and these improvements were maintained through final follow-up. The postoperative NDI (17.2), VAS (2.8), and SF36 (13.1) scores increased significantly compared to the preoperative scores (p = 0.026, p = 0.0007 and p = 0.041, respectively). Complications included three cases of respiratory difficulty, four cases of dysphagia and one case of hoarseness. There were no cases of donor site morbidity.

Three- or four-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with a PEEK cage, and plate construct provide good clinical and radiographic outcomes including high fusion rates, low complication rates, low donor site morbidity, and good maintenance of the lordotic angle and disc height in the treatment of multilevel cervical spondylosis.”
“SETTING: Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is essential for tuberculosis (TB) control in low-prevalence countries. However, the long treatment duration and adverse events frequently result in suboptimal treatment completion.

OBJECTIVE: To determine completion rates of LTBI treatment and to identify risk factors for non-completion of treatment.