Physical map positions established for all predicted genes using the tomato WGS chromosomes SL2.40 information indicated that most resistance-like genes see more clustered on certain chromosomal regions. Comparisons of the sequences from the same
resistance-like genes in S. pimpinellifolium and S. lycopersicum showed that 93.5% genes contained single nucleotide polymorphisms and 19.7% genes contained insertion/deletion. The data obtained here will facilitate isolation and characterization of new resistance genes as well as marker-assisted selection for disease resistance breeding in tomato. “
“Puroindolines (PINs) are the main components of the wheat grain hardness locus (Ha) and have in vitro antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. Here, we examined the effect of variation in PINA and/or PINB content Cobimetinib upon Penicillium sp. seed fungal growth inhibition. The Penicillium sp. assays were germination assays performed after incubating seeds in Penicillium sp. contaminated soil. The first set of wheat genotypes consisted of two sets of transgenic isolines created in the varieties ‘Bobwhite’ and ‘Hi-Line’ having over-expression of PINA and/or PINB. The second set of genotypes consisted of near-isogenic lines (NILs)
varying for mutations in PINA or PINB created in the varieties ‘Explorer’ and ‘Hank’. After incubation in Penicillium sp.-infected soil, transgenic wheat seeds over-expressing PINA in both ‘Hi-Line’ and ‘Bobwhite’ and both PINs in ‘Hi-Line’ exhibited significantly reduced fungal infection and increased germination. No significant differences in Penicillium sp. infection or germination rates were observed in seeds of the NILs. The results indicate that puroindolines native role in seeds is to increase seed viability
and that when over-expressed as transgenes, the puroindolines are effective antifungal proteins. “
“The aim of this work was to study the antagonist effect of two Rhizobium strains Pch Azm and Pch S.Nsir2 to Rhizoctonia solani and for an evaluation of the relative impact of rhizobia on the expression click here of the plant’s defence response against Rhizoctonia. First, these strains reduced fungal growth observed in vitro using the same or separately Petri dishes. Moreover, these isolates led to reduced chickpea infection by R. solani, resulting from the direct effect of rhizobia on pathogens and possible induced resistance in chickpea. Concomitantly, reduction in infection was accompanied by enhanced level of defence-related enzymes, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (POX). An increased level of phenol content was recorded in the roots of bacterized plants grown in the presence of pathogen.